Linux.一个新手入门指南.pdf

A Newbie’s Initiation To Linux By Stefan Neagu TuxGeek.me This manual is intellectual property of MakeUseOf. It must only be published in its original form. Using parts or republishing altered parts of this guide is prohibited. A Newbie‟s Initiation To Linux This page intentionally left blank 2 TuxGeek.me A Newbie‟s Initiation To Linux Table of Contents Glossary 5 Introduction to Linux, FLOSS and the GPL license 6 Choosing the Distribution 7 Getting Ubuntu 8 Writing Ubuntu to a CD 8 Installation Types 8 Installation Instructions 11 Introduction to the Ubuntu Desktop 12 About the Graphical User Interface (GUI): Gnome, KDE, XFCE13 Where Are My Applications? 16 Add and Remove Applications Using the Synaptic Package Manager 17 Basic Commands for the Terminal18 Linux Comes W ith Your New Computer 19 Further Reading 19 Conclusion 19 Don‟t miss out on our other cool manuals! 20 3 TuxGeek.me A Newbie‟s Initiation To Linux This page intentionally left blank 4 TuxGeek.me A Newbie‟s Initiation To Linux Glossary You might encounter a lot of gibberish further on in the guide, words you‟ve probably never heard of in your life. To lend you a helping hand, we‟ve spelled out some of the most prominent ones, and their meanings. Kernel - the core functionality of an operating system, it translates commands from other software directly to the hardware interfaces. Distributions - operating systems based on the Linux kernel. CLI/Terminal - stands for Command Line Interface, a method of interaction with the computer based on text commands entered at the prompt. GUI - stands for Graphical User Interface, a method of interaction with the computer that makes use of visual representations of elements: files, folders and actions. It