富士苹果高二氧化碳处理后果肉褐变预测

PostharvestBiologyandTechnology13(1998)97–107

Predictionofcontrolledatmosphere-induced?eshbrowningin

‘Fuji’apple

RichardK.Volz1,*,WilliamV.Biasia,JoeA.Grantb,ElizabethJ.Mitchama

bDepartmentofPomology,Uni6ersityofCalifornia,Da6is,CA95616,USAUni6ersityofCalifornia,Cooperati6eExtension,SanJoaquinCounty,Stockton,CA,USA

Received25August1997;accepted2December1997a

Abstract

Rapidinductionofinternal?eshbrowningbyexposureoffruittohighCO2,fruitmaturityindices,respirationratesandCO2permeanceswereassessedaspredictorsof?eshbrowningwhichdevelopedinapple(Malusdomestica,Borkh.cv.Fuji)duringlong-termcontrolledatmospherestorage.Fruitwereharvestedfromeightorchardsat170,190or210daysafterfullbloomandheldat20°Cin50kPaCO2(balanceair)for1–3days,in20kPaCO2(balanceair)for3–7daysorat0°Cinacontrolledatmosphereof2kPaO2+2kPaCO2for150days.Fleshbrowningincreasedwithgreaterexposuretimein20kPaand50kPaCO2andafter3daysofexposure,morebrowningdevelopedinfruitexposedto50than20kPaCO2.Fleshbrowninginallatmospheresincreasedwithharvestdatebutsigni?cantvariabilitywaspresentamongorchardsatanyoneharvest.Acrossallorchardsandharvestdates,strongpositiverelationshipswerefoundbetween?eshbrowningaftercontrolledatmospherestorageandthatwhichdevelopedaftershort-termexposureto20kPaCO2atharvest.Thisrelationshipimprovedwithdecreasingexposuretimeat20kPaCO2.Whilesubstantialdifferencesinfruitmaturityindices(backgroundcolour,starchpatternindex,watercoreincidence,solublesolidsconcentration,titratableacidity,?esh?rmness),fruitrespirationratesandfruitpermeancestoCO2determinedatharvestwerealsofoundamongharvestdatesandorchards,theywereatbestpoorlyrelatedto?eshbrowning.Thebestpredictoroforchardandharvestdatedifferencesincontrolledatmosphere-induced?eshbrowningwasthereforeassessmentof?eshbrowningafterexposureoffruitto20kPaCO2for3days.?1998ElsevierScienceB.V.Allrightsreserved.

Keywords:Malusdomestica;Controlledatmosphere;Fruitpermeance;Respirationrate;Fruitmaturity

*Correspondingauthor.HorticultureandFoodResearch

InstituteofNewZealand,HawkesBayResearchCenter,

PrivateBag1401,HavelockNorth,NewZealand.Tel:+646

8778196;fax:+6468774761;e-mail:rvolz@hort.cri.nz

1VisitingscientistfromHorticultureandFoodResearch

InstituteofNewZealand.1.IntroductionControlledatmosphere(CA)storageinreducedO2andelevatedCO2environmentsisacommon0925-5214/98/$19.00?1998ElsevierScienceB.V.Allrightsreserved.

PIIS0925-5214(97)00080-X

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