叠合盆地油气富集

DOI:10.16108/j.issn1006-7493.2008.02.014

2008 年 6 月，第 14 卷，第 2 期，231-236页June 2008，Vol. 14， No.2， p. 231-236高 　校　地　质　学　报Geological Journal of China Universities

叠合盆地油气富集/贫化机理的思考

邹华耀，郝 芳*，李平平，张元春

(中国石油大学（北京）资源与信息学院，北京 102249)

摘要：对四川盆地和准噶尔盆地2个油气藏的成藏机理和成藏模式进行了解剖，以此为基础，探讨了叠合盆地油气成藏与分布的控制因素。从油气成藏的角度，叠合盆地的主要特征是多生烃凹陷与多层位源岩、多元（干酪根、储层和源岩沥青、已聚集油气）、多期生烃、输导体系和能量场的时空差异性和复杂的聚集后过程。多期构造控制下的成藏过程的叠加方式控制油气的富集和贫化，多灶、多源汇聚性叠加和同源多期继承性、强化性叠加是叠合盆地油气富集的重要机制，而多灶、多源离散性叠加、同源多期调整改造性叠加可导致油气的贫化。

关键词：叠合盆地；成藏过程；油气富集与贫化

中图分类号：P618.130　　　　　　　　文献标识码：A　　　　　　　　文章编号：1006-7493（2008）02-0231-06

Some Thoughts on the Enrichment/Dilution Mechanisms of Oil and Gas in Superimposed Basins

ZOU Hua-yao, HAO Fang*, LI Ping-ping, ZHANG Yuan-chun

（Faculty of Resource and Information, China University of Petroleum, Changping, Beijing 102249, China）

Abstract: Petroleum accumulation mechanisms for two oil/gas fields, the Puguang gas field in the Sichuan basin and the MXZ oil field in the Junggar basin, were analyzed and compared, and factors controlling petroleum accumulation and occurrence in superimposed basins were discussed. In view of petroleum accumulation, the superimposed basins are characterized by the multiple petroleum sources (multiple source kitchens, multiple source rock intervals and multiple petroleum precursors such as kerogen, accumulated oils and various bitumens), the spatial and temporal diversities in fluid conduit systems and pressure, temperature and stress fields, and the complicated post-accumulation physicochemical processes such as chemical alteration of the petroleum reservoirs and fluid re-migration and re-accumulation. The manners and styles of the superimposition of accumulation processes during multiple-stage tectonic movements control the enrichment or dilution of petroleum. Successive or enhanced focusing of petroleum originated from different kitchens or source rock intervals is the important mechanism for petroleum enrichment in superimposed basins, whereas dispersal migration and adjustment of accumulated petroleum may cause petroleum dilution.

Key words: superimposed basins; petroleum accumulation; enrichment/dilution

　　随着中国东部新生代盆地油气勘探开发程度

的不断提高，具有复杂演化和油气成藏历史的西

部叠合盆地成为油气勘探的重要领域（赵文智等，

2002）。由于多期构造运动的叠加和多构造体系的

收稿日期：2008-03-20；修回日期：2008-05-16

基金项目：??国家973项目（2005CB422105）复合，西部叠合盆地源岩成熟度高、储层埋藏深、圈闭类型多样且演化历史复杂，得到保存的油气藏大多经历复杂的化学改造和流体调整。因此，认识与油气藏形成和保存密切相关的各种地质、作者简介：邹华耀，男，1963年生，博士，副教授，主要从事油气成藏机理研究；E-mail：huayaozou@cup.edu.cn

　　　　　*通讯作者：郝芳，男，1964年生，博士，教授，主要从事油气成藏机理研究；E-mail：haofang@cup.edu.cn

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